Boa Constrictor Care Sheet
Overview
Boa constrictors are powerful, impressive snakes that are relatively common in the reptile trade, especially among experienced keepers and specialty breeders. While their calm demeanour and tolerance for handling can make them seem approachable, it’s important to remember that no exotic animal is truly beginner-friendly. Boa constrictors require specific care, including controlled heat gradients, secure enclosures, humidity regulation, and appropriate feeding schedules. As they can grow quite large—often exceeding 6–8 feet— enclosures must be spacious, escape-proof, and built to accommodate their size and strength. These snakes are generally slow-moving and tend to be calm and observant, making them manageable for experienced handlers, but they are not low-maintenance pets. Regular cleaning, monitoring, and interaction are necessary, along with a long-term commitment, as boas can live over 20 years in captivity. They are best suited for keepers who have researched their needs thoroughly and can provide consistent, informed care over the long haul.
Species averages:
Habitat Parameters
Housing recommendations
BCIs require secure, spacious enclosures with appropriate heat gradients, humidity, and hiding spots. PVC, wood, or high-quality plastic reptile enclosures work well to retain heat and humidity. Ventilation is important, but excessive airflow can dry the habitat.
Use a thermostat-controlled under-tank heat mat, radiant heat panel, or ceramic heat emitter to maintain a basking spot of 88–92°F and a cool zone of 75–80°F. Night temperatures can drop to 72°F if necessary.
Maintain humidity between 50–70%. Mist the enclosure lightly or use a humid hide to support proper shedding. Provide a large water bowl for soaking, which also helps raise ambient humidity.
Substrates such as cypress mulch, coconut husk, or paper towels are ideal. Avoid pine or cedar shavings. Include multiple hides, branches for climbing, and textured surfaces to assist with shedding.
UVB is not required but can be offered at low levels to support natural rhythms and vitamin D3 metabolism.
Feeding
BCIs are carnivores and should be fed pre-killed, appropriately sized frozen-thawed rodents. Overfeeding is a common issue and can lead to obesity or fatty liver disease.
Supplementation
No supplementation is necessary when feeding whole prey. All required nutrients, including calcium and vitamins, are naturally provided in the rodent's bone, organs, and muscle.
Special considerations
Handling
BCIs are generally calm and tolerate handling well. Begin with short sessions after the snake has settled into its enclosure. Always support the full body with both hands. Adults are heavy-bodied—use two hands and consider a second handler for larger individuals. Avoid handling for 48–72 hours after feeding to prevent regurgitation
Hydration
Provide constant access to fresh, clean water in a large bowl. Many BCIs enjoy soaking, especially before shedding. Dehydration can lead to poor sheds or constipation.
Shedding
BCIs should shed in one complete piece. If stuck shed occurs, increase humidity or offer a warm, moist hide. Never forcibly remove retained shed without softening it first.
Growth and enclosure upgrade
BCIs grow steadily over several years. Juveniles can start in smaller enclosures but must be upgraded as they grow. Adult boas require large enclosures with enough space to stretch out at least 2/3 of their full length.
Common Health Concerns in Boa Constrictor Imperators (BCIs)
Below are some of the most common medical issues seen in BCIs. Many are preventable with proper care and environment.
Respiratory Infection (RI)
Signs: Wheezing, open-mouth breathing, nasal discharge
Causes: Low temps, poor ventilation, high humidity
Inclusion Body Disease (IBD)
Signs: Stargazing, regurgitation, neurological signs
Causes: Viral infection—especially in boas housed with pythons
Mites
Signs: Tiny black or red dots, soaking in water bowl, rubbing behavior
Causes: Contaminated substrate or enclosures; spreads quickly
Constipation/Impaction
Signs: Lack of defecation, swelling, lethargy
Causes: Improper temps, dehydration, substrate ingestion
Obesity
Signs: Fatty deposits along tail base, sluggishness
Causes: Overfeeding, infrequent handling, low activity
These are all concerns we can help with via telemedicine. If you suspect your boa may be showing any of
the signs above, book an appointment at swiftailvet.com for expert exotic pet care from the comfort of
your home.
Disclaimer
At Swiftail Vet, we strive to provide accurate, up-to-date information based on current best practices in exotic pet care. However, husbandry standards can evolve quickly. If you notice any outdated or incorrect information on this care sheet, please let us know by emailing info@swiftailvet.com or using the contact form on our website at swiftailvet.com. Your feedback helps us ensure the highest quality resources for pet owners and their companions.
Written by: Wintergreen Vet Services
March, 18, 2025
