Finch Care Sheet
Overview
Finches are small, active songbirds known for their charming chirps and social nature, making them a popular choice in the exotic pet world. While they are not part of the reptile trade, they are commonly found in aviary and pet bird circles. Like all pets, finches are not “beginner” animals—each species has specific care needs that must be met to ensure a healthy, enriching life. Finches thrive in pairs or small flocks and require a spacious horizontal enclosure to allow for free flight, as they are not suited to handling like parrots or budgies. They are best enjoyed as visual and auditory companions rather than tactile ones. Their enclosure should be filled with perches of varying sizes, toys for enrichment, and easy access to fresh food and water. While they don’t crave direct interaction with humans, finches are lively, constantly on the move, and bring a joyful energy to any home that values quiet observation over hands-on interaction.
Species averages:
Habitat Parameters
Housing recommendations
Finches require a large, horizontal cage that allows them to fly short distances. Vertical space is less important than width. Wire spacing should be no more than ½ inch to prevent escape or injury. Provide natural perches of varied thickness, toys, swings, and visual barriers for comfort and stimulation.
Line the cage bottom with newspaper or paper towels for easy cleaning. Clean food and water dishes daily, and replace cage liner every 1–2 days. Deep-clean the cage weekly.
Keep the cage in a draft-free, well-lit area out of direct sun and away from smoke or kitchen fumes. Avoid temperature extremes. Finches do not need artificial heating unless room temps drop below 60°F.
Feeding
Finches are granivores and require a base diet of high-quality finch seed mix, supplemented with fresh greens, soft foods, and occasional protein. Calcium and vitamin supplements are also recommended.
Supplementation
Though seeds are a staple, they are low in some nutrients. Supplement to ensure optimal health and reproductive success.
Special considerations
Handling
Finches are not “hands-on” pets and generally dislike direct handling. They may stress easily with frequent or rough contact. Instead, enjoy their behaviours, songs, and interactions visually. If handling is necessary (e.g., for veterinary care), do so calmly and gently using a soft towel or clean hand.
Social Needs
Finches are highly social and must be kept in pairs or groups. Single finches often develop stress-related behaviors or fall into poor health. Same-sex groups often coexist peacefully depending on species and space.
Molting
Expect regular molting, especially in spring or fall. Birds may appear scruffy and require added protein during this time. Avoid stressing them during heavy molts.
Breeding
If providing a nest box and mixed-sex pairs, be prepared for potential breeding. Avoid breeding if you are not equipped to care for chicks. Remove nest boxes if not desired.
Common Health Concerns in Finches
Below are some of the most common medical issues seen in pet finches. These birds hide illness well, so early signs should not be ignored.
Respiratory Infection
Signs: Tail bobbing, wheezing, nasal discharge, open-mouth breathing
Causes: Drafts, poor ventilation, dusty bedding, low temps
Egg Binding (females)
Signs: Fluffed feathers, straining, sitting on cage floor
Causes: Low calcium, obesity, overbreeding
Feather Plucking or Bald Spots
Signs: Patchy feather loss, itching, broken feathers
Causes: Stress, parasites, boredom, poor nutrition
Scaly Face or Legs (Mites)
Signs: Crusty buildup around beak, eyes, or feet
Causes: Knemidokoptes mites – contagious, requires treatment
Obesity or Malnutrition
Signs: Fluffed appearance, inactivity, overgrown beak or nails
Causes: All-seed diet, lack of exercise, poor diet variety
These are all concerns we can help with via telemedicine. If you suspect your finch may be showing any of the signs above, book an appointment at swiftailvet.com for expert exotic pet care from the comfort of your home.
Disclaimer
At Swiftail Vet, we strive to provide accurate, up-to-date information based on current best practices in exotic pet care. However, husbandry standards can evolve quickly. If you notice any outdated or incorrect information on this care sheet, please let us know by emailing info@swiftailvet.com or using the contact form on our website at swiftailvet.com. Your feedback helps us ensure the highest quality resources for pet owners and their companions.
Written by: Wintergreen Vet Services
March, 18, 2025
